"As traveling disturbances pass over a coastline or ice edge, they experience a change in surface friction, heat fluxes, and possibly orography. The sudden change in surface conditions can modify the disturbance, but it also can give rise to entirely new phenomena that are peculiar to the coastal region.  [...]  The complexities introduced by such mesoscale and synoptic-scale interactions hinder conceptual understanding, and accurate forecasting of changing coastal conditions requires the simultaneous simulation of a variety of disparate processes and their interactions.  Manifestations of these interactions are numerous.”—Thank you, Health Press, for Coastal Meteorology: A Review of the State of the Science, 1992, p.45